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NASA space shuttles each have three fuel control valves, one for each main engine. The valves function much like pop-up lawn sprinklers to route gaseous hydrogen through a set of plumbing lines that feed into the liquid hydrogen reservoir of a shuttle's attached external tank and maintain the proper pressure during flight. During NASA's most recent shuttle launch Ball Valves last November, one of the Endeavour orbiter's fuel control valves developed a crack, with a small chip breaking off. While Endeavour successfully reached orbit without incident, mission managers want to be sure a similar event during Discovery's launch would not puncture the shuttle's vital plumbing lines and cause catastrophic damage. Shuttle engineers later found that stresses and high-cycle fatigue from harmonic oscillations can lead to tiny cracks in the valves, allowing bits to break off during flight. After the November shuttle launch, NASA replaced the fuel valves aboard Discovery with ones known to be in good shape. Shannon said shuttle engineers are tackling the issue on two fronts. They are working to decide if the valves currently aboard Discovery can fly as they are, as well as studying the potential consequences should the valves break during flight. NASA is also studying whether the valves will have to be redesigned in the near-future before the agency retires its three-shuttle fleet in 2010. NASA is planning to fly nine more shuttle missions to complete space station construction and overhaul the Hubble Space Telescope. "It is the program's ultimate goal to redesign thatSafety valves valve so we can put that problem behind us," Shannon said. Launch date limbo NASA has until about March 12 to launch Discovery toward the space station and complete its 14-day mission before the arrival of a Russian Soyuz spacecraft ferrying a new crew to the orbiting laboratory. If the shuttle doesn't lift off by then, NASA would stand down until after the space station crew change, with the next launch opportunity arising around April 7, mission managers said. Commanded by veteran spaceflyer Lee Archambault, Discovery's seven-astronaut crew will deliver the last section of the space station's backbone-like main truss and the final set of U.S.-built solar arrays. Four spacewalks are planned for the mission, which also includes a one-astronaut swap for the space station's Expedition 18 crew. Japanese astronaut Koichi Wakata of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency will launch to the space station aboard the Discovery to replace NASA astronaut Sandra Magnus as an Expedition 18 flight engineer. Wakata, a veteran spaceflyer, is Japan's first long-duration astronaut. Magnus has lived aboard the space station since last November and will return to Earth aboard Discovery after months of living and working in orbit. Wakata is due to return home aboard another NASA shuttle later this year. If Discovery launches by March 12, its delays should Reducing Valves not have substantial repercussions for the up to five other shuttle flights NASA has on its 2009 schedule. Launching in April, however, would likely cause a ripple of delays for subsequent flights, mission managers said. "The rest of the manifest kind of slips consecutively as that happens," said Bill Gerstenmaier, NASA's space operations chief.
原文来自： http://www.space.com/missionlaunches/090220-sts119-launch-update.html

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译文：燃料控制阀
美国宇航局航天飞机每一个有3个燃料控制阀，为每个主引擎之一。该阀门的功能很像弹出通过管道线设立草坪洒水器路由气态氢的饲料到航天飞机的外部燃料箱和附加在飞行中保持适当的压力液氢水库。 11月后，航天飞机的发射，美国宇航局发现号取代与已知的燃料阀将在良好的状态。香农说，航天飞机的工程师正在处理两方面的问题。他们正在以决定是否发现号目前的阀门能飞，因为他们，以及研究可能产生的后果应在飞行中的阀门休息。美国宇航局直到3月12日发射接近国际空间站发现并完成其14天前，俄罗斯联盟号运送新的船员轨道实验室飞船抵达任务。如果航天飞机不解除，届时起飞，美国宇航局的立场之后才空间站改变下一次发射4月7日左右出现的机会，任务管理人员说。由经验丰富的宇航员李尚博，指挥发现号的七名宇航员送入太空将推出空间站上的骨干，最后一节，如主桁架和我们的最后一套内置太阳能电池阵列。四个计划在太空行走的任务，其中还包括一个用于国际空间站的宇航员远征18名机组人员交换。如果发现在3月12日发射，它的拖延不应该对其他四到五名美国宇航局航天飞机飞行重大影响已经在其2009年的时间表。在4月发射，但可能会造成的后续航班延误波纹，任务管理人员说。在美国宇航局的航天飞机发射最新去年11月，奋进号航天飞机的燃料控制阀，制定了一个裂缝，一个小芯片中断。虽然成功地达成奋进轨道没有发生任何事件，任务管理人员要保证期间发现号航天飞机发射类似事件不会击穿航天飞机的重要管道线，造成灾难性的损害。航天飞机的工程师后来发现，强调和高次谐波振荡周期从疲劳可导致阀门小裂缝，使位在飞行中打破了。 11月后，航天飞机的发射，美国宇航局发现号取代与已知的燃料阀将在良好的状态。香农说，航天飞机的工程师正在处理两方面的问题。他们正在以决定是否发现号目前的阀门能飞，因为他们，以及研究可能产生的后果应在飞行中的阀门休息。美国航天局也在研究是否阀将不得不重新设计，在近未来退休之前，该机构的三架航天飞机在2010年。美国宇航局计划在航天飞机飞行任务的9个，完成空间站的建设和大修的哈勃太空望远镜。美国宇航局直到3月12日发射接近国际空间站发现并完成其14天前，俄罗斯联盟号运送新的船员轨道实验室飞船抵达任务。如果航天飞机不解除，届时起飞，美国宇航局的立场之后才空间站改变下一次发射4月7日左右出现的机会，任务管理人员说。由经验丰富的宇航员李尚博，指挥发现号的七名宇航员送入太空将推出空间站上的骨干，最后一节，如主桁架和我们的最后一套内置太阳能电池阵列。四个计划在太空行走的任务，其中还包括一个用于国际空间站的宇航员远征18名机组人员交换。日本宇航员若田光一的日本宇宙航空研究开发机构将推出的船上发现号空间站接替1月18远征飞行工程师美国宇航局宇航员桑德拉马格努斯。若田光，一位资深宇航员，是日本第一个长期持续的宇航员。马格努斯一直住船上去年11月以来的空间站，将发现号返回地球后几个月的生活轨道上工作。若田光是由于搭乘另一回美国宇航局航天飞机今年稍后回家。

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